Thyroid Tumor Treatment in Bangalore

Thyroid cancer develops in the thyroid gland, part of the endocrine system. Hormones produced by the thyroid gland regulate body temperature, heart rate, and metabolism.

Thyroid can develop many different diseases. There can be cysts, nodules or tumours (cancer or non-cancer). Some of these may need treatment.

The most common types of thyroid cancer, papillary and follicular, respond well to treatment. The majority of thyroid cancers are curable.

At MACS Clinic, Dr. Sandeep Nayak, one of the leading surgical oncologist in Bangalore, India, is dedicated to helping patients, regardless of their situation. He strives to provide comprehensive and result-oriented thyroid cancer treatment in Bangalore, India. He also the inventor for RABIT technique of Robotic thyroid surgery.

In addition, Dr. Sandeep Nayak is highly skilled in laparoscopic and robotic cancer surgeries and inventor of RABIT thyroidectomy. Cancer treatment in Bangalore is more successful and less invasive than ever before, thanks to these cutting-edge surgical techniques available at MACS Clinic.

Though diseases of thyroid are common most many not need surgical treatment. However, any tumor suspected to be cancer of thyroid needs surgery. So, we have discussed various aspects of thyroid cancers bellow.

Please read this helpful article to know more about advanced and effective thyroid cancer treatment in Bangalore, India.

Let’s begin by understanding, 

What is Thyroid Cancer, and How does it affect you?

thyroid cancerThe thyroid, a small butterfly-shaped gland at the base of your neck, develops thyroid cancer. Hormones produced by this gland regulate your metabolism.

Thyroid hormones are also involved in regulating body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate. Thyroid cancer is a type of endocrine cancer that is usually very treatable and has a high cure rate.

Now, let’s know,

Thyroid Cancer Treatment in Bangalore

Thyroid cancer treatments vary depending on the type of cancer, tumor size, staging, and whether or not cancer has spread.

Surgery is the most important treatment for thyroid cancer. Depending on the size and location of the tumor, your surgeon may remove a portion of the thyroid gland; this procedure is known as lobectomy or the entire gland, a total thyroidectomy. Your surgeon may remove any lymph nodes in the area where cancer has spread.

Surgery for Thyroid Cancer

i. Traditional open surgery

A standard open-surgery approach removes the thyroid gland, which necessitates an 8-15 cm incision. Total thyroidectomy and cancers require a longer incision than hemithyroidectomies (removal of half of the gland). In the lower portion of the patient’s neck, open surgery leaves a visible scar that lasts a lifetime. This can be unattractive.

ii. Minimally Invasive Thyroid Surgery (MITS)

In this procedure, the surgeon removes the gland through a small (3-4cm) incision in the neck. This is made possible by cutting-edge technology and techniques. However, a small scar remains on the neck after the wound heals.

iIi. Robotic-assisted Breast-axilloInsufflated Thyroidectomy (RABIT)

It is a new robotic thyroidectomy technique invented by Dr. Sandeep Nayak that uses the da Vinci robotic system. For benign and malignant thyroid tumors, we can perform RABIT- robotic thyroidectomy, which has all the advantages of robotic surgery.

The procedure is carried out through the armpit skin fold with small wounds that leave minor scars.

To view and preserve vital structures around the thyroid, robotic instrumentation provides exceptional 3D vision and high magnification. As a result, the surgical quality is unmatched by any other modality.

iv. Laparoscopic (Endoscopic) Thyroid Surgery

The gland is accessed through three small incisions near the armpit and nipples in this procedure. The wounds are in the crease of the armpit (covered area) and near the nipple, and once healed, they are mostly invisible. In the neck, there are no wounds.

Laparoscopic total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection is also used to treat thyroid cancer. Parathyroid surgery is performed the same way as thyroid surgery and has the same benefits.

The majority of thyroid cancers, fortunately, respond exceptionally well to treatment. Dr. Sandeep Nayak can talk to you about the best options for thyroid cancer treatment in Bangalore for your specific case.

Following treatment, you may require thyroid hormones for your entire life. Hormones aid in the proper functioning of the body. They usually don’t have side effects, but you should visit your doctor regularly to monitor the dose that is needed for you.

Diagnosis of Thyroid Tumor in Bangalore

Dr. Sandeep Nayak, one of the best oncologist in Bangalore, may recommend one or more of the below tests if you have an enlarged thyroid nodule or any other symptoms of thyroid cancer.

  • Blood tests: A thyroid blood test examines hormone levels and determines whether or not your thyroid is working properly.
  • Fine-needle aspiration biopsy: The doctor removes cells from your thyroid to test for cancer cells during a fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). If cancer cells have spread to lymph nodes, a FNAC can be used to determine this. Ultrasound technology may be used to guide these biopsy procedures.
  • Imaging tests:Thyroid cancer and cancer spread can be detected using imaging scans like CT scan in some cases.

Now, let’s know more about,

Types of Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer is divided into four types based on their aggressiveness and other factors:

  • Papillary Thyroid Cancer 

This is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for roughly 80% to 85% of all diagnoses. It is one of the most treatable cancers.

  • Follicular Thyroid Cancer 

This type of thyroid cancer accounts for about 10% to 15% of all thyroid cancers. It is more aggressive than papillary thyroid cancer and can spread to the rest of the body through the bloodstream.

Hurthle cell cancer, a rare follicular thyroid cancer, is particularly aggressive.

  • Medullary Thyroid Cancer

This cancer accounts for less than 3% of thyroid cancers. It can spread to lymph nodes.

  • Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer 

This cancer has a worse prognosis and does not respond to any treatment. Less than 2% of thyroid cancers fall into this category. It is the most aggressive thyroid cancer that advances quickly.

Let’s discuss,

Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer

If you have a thyroid nodule, don’t be worried. A thyroid nodule is a lump or growth in your neck that you or your doctor may feel. The majority of nodules are harmless (non-cancerous). Only about three of every twenty thyroid nodules are malignant.

Other symptoms of thyroid cancer may include:

  • Difficulty breathing or swallowing.
  • Loss of speech (hoarseness).
  • Swollen neck lymph nodes.
  • Discomfort when moving the head or neck.
  • Voice changes.
  • Chronic cough.

Except in rare cases of medullary thyroid cancer, pain is uncommon in thyroid cancer.

Causes & Risk Factors of Thyroid Cancer

A variety of unknown factors cause thyroid cancer. However, there are several known potential risk factors, some of which can be altered, and others, such as your age and gender, cannot.

The following are the risk factors for thyroid cancer:

  • Being a woman
  • Exposure to radiation in the head, neck, or chest.
  • History of Goitre.
  • Thyroid cancer or thyroid disease in the family.
  • Having a particular set of genetic mutations.
  • Iodine deficiency.
  • Obesity or being overweight.

Thyroid Cancer Stages

When you are diagnosed with thyroid cancer, you will have tests to see how far cancer has spread, which is referred to as the stage. Knowing your cancer stage can help your doctor choose the best treatment for you.

The age of the person at diagnosis — precisely, whether they are younger or older than 55 — and the extent to which thyroid cancer cells have spread determine the staging of papillary or follicular thyroid cancers. Age is not taken into account when staging anaplastic and medullary thyroid cancers.

TNM Staging 

Your doctor may use the TNM system to stage your cancer. This system provides a common shorthand and helps illustrate a clearer picture of your cancer.

TNM is an acronym for:

  • T stands for tumor. What is the exact size of your tumor?
  • N is the number of nodes. Have your lymph nodes been affected by cancer?
  • M stands for Metastasis. Has cancer progressed to other organs?

For patients aged less than 55 years of age, Thyroid cancers of the papillary and follicular types are classified as Stage I&Stage II.

Whereas, For patients above 55 years of age, Thyroid cancers of the papillary and follicular types are classified as Stage I, Stage II, Stage III, Stage IVA, or Stage IVB. These stages, as well as Stage IVC, are present in medullary thyroid cancer.

All anaplastic thyroid cancers are classified as Stage IV; the extent of spread determines whether they are classified as Stage IVA, IVB, or IVC.

FAQs

Who is at risk for thyroid cancer?

Women are three times more likely than men to develop thyroid cancer. The disease is most commonly diagnosed in women aged 40 to 50 years and men aged 60 to 70. However, anyone, including children, can be affected by the disease.

What are some of the complications of thyroid cancer?

Most thyroid cancers are treatable and do not pose a life-threatening risk. Thyroid hormones are still required for your body to function after thyroid surgery or treatments.
You will need thyroid hormone replacement therapy for the rest of your life. Synthetic thyroid hormones are designed to replace thyroid hormones that your body no longer produces naturally.

When should I consult the doctor?

If you have a swelling in front of the neck or are experiencing the following symptoms, you should contact your doctor.

  • Lump in the neck with NO OTHER symptom

Delayed symptoms include:

  • Any nodule in side of the neck
  • Change in voice
  • Difficulty in swallowing
  • Heaviness in neck

How common is thyroid cancer in India?

Thyroid cancer is uncommon in India, unlike in other developing countries. Thyroid nodules are diagnosed earlier in many patients thanks to the widespread availability of scans and other diagnostic modalities. The majority of thyroid cancer treatments in India are very effective.

Is it possible to prevent thyroid cancer?

Because most people with thyroid cancer have no known risk factors, it is impossible to prevent the disease in most cases. Radiation exposure, particularly during childhood,  and Radon which is an air pollutant is a known risk factor for thyroid cancer.